TESA/ PESA
TESA- TESTICULAR SPERM ASPIRATION
Testicular Sperm Aspiration are method used in assisted Reproductive
Technology to retrieved sperm, this is done with certain FERTILITY issues,
mainly for Azoospermia.
This involves extraction of sperm from the testicle directly using a fine needle
and syringe.
This method is often employed when there is very low sperm production in the
testes, a condition known as azoospermia.

TESA is commonly used for primary testicular disease, where the testicles produce very few or no sperm.
If TESA and PESA do not successfully retrieve sperm, more invasive
procedures like Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE) or Microdissection (Micro TESE) may be considered.
PESA-PERCUTANEOUS EPIDIDYMAL SPERM ASPIRATION
In PESA, a fine needle is used to aspirate sperm directly from the epididymis.
It’s typically used when there is an obstruction in the Vas deference that
prevents the release of sperms into the semen PESA is less invasive compared
to aspirate the sperms.
TESE-TESTICULAR SPERM EXTRACTION
TESE involves an open surgical biopsy of the testicle to obtain a sample of testicular tissue.
This procedure is performed to find and extract sperm for use in assisted reproductive techniques.
MICRO TESE (MICRODISSECTION TESE)
Micro TESE is an advanced form of TESE that involves using a microscope to identify and selectively remove areas of the testicular where sperm production is more likely
This approach aims to minimize damage to the testicular tissue and increase the chances of finding viable sperm
This procedure is typically considered when other less invasive methods have failed to retrieve sperm or when the cause of azoospermia is related to testicular issue. The procedure depends on the specific circumstances.
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